Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 11 2016 12 21 1446 1454 Ok-Hee CHO Dept. of Nursing, College of Nursing and Health, Kongju National University, Kongju, South Korea Yang-Sook YOO College of Nursing, the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea Kyung-Hye HWANG Dept. of Nursing, Suwon Science College, Hwaseong, South Korea 2016 11 26 2016 11 26 Background: This study aimed to examine the impact of ego-resilience and family function on quality of life in childhood leukemia survivors. Methods: This study targeted 100 pediatric leukemia survivors, who visited the Pediatric Hemato-Oncology Center in South Korea from Aug to Dec 2011. A structured questionnaire of ego-resilience, family function and quality of life used to collect data through direct interview with the pediatric patients and their parents. The correlation between the study variables analyzed using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and the impact on quality of life analyzed using a stepwise multiple regression. Results: Ego-resilience (r = 0.69, P<0.001) and family function (r =0.46, P< 0.001) had a positive correlation with quality of life and all the sub-categories of quality of life. Ego-resilience was a major factor affecting quality of life in childhood leukemia survivors, with an explanatory power of 48%. The explanatory power for quality of life increased to 53% when age and family function were included. Conclusion: Ego-resilience, age, and family function affect quality of life in childhood leukemia survivors. Hence, strategies are required to construct age-matched programs to improve quality of life, in order to help restore the necessary ego-resilience and to strengthen family function in childhood leukemia survivors.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/8346 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/8346/5359