Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 42 2 2013 02 15 129 133 Jared Otieno Ogolla Dept. of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Mount Kenya University, Eldoret, Kenya. Samuel Omulando Ayaya Christina Agatha Otieno 2015 10 15 This study sought to determine the level of adherence to Coartem© in the routine treatment of uncomplicated malaria among children under the age of five years in Nyando district, Kenya.Seventy-three children below the age of five years with microscopically confirmed uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria and prescribed Coartem(®) during the normal outpatient department hours were included into the study on 27(th) of April to 15(th) of May 2009. Adherence was assessed through a semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire; pill count and blister pack recovery. Patients were then classified into three categories of adherence. Patients who had tablets remaining in the blister pack were classified as definitely non-adherent. Those who had blister pack missing or empty and the caretaker did not report administering all the doses at the correct time and amount were considered probably non-adherent or as probably adherent when the caretaker reported administering all doses at the correct time and amount.Nine (14.5%) patients were definitely non-adherent, 6 (9.7%) probably non-adherent and 47 (75.8%) probably adherent. The most significantly left tablet was the sixth doses (P = 0.029).Caretakers should be made much aware that non-adherence might not only be dangerous to child's health but also dramatically increase the financial cost for public-health services. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4739 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4739/4379