Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 6 2025 06 02 1216 1224 EN Nariman Yermek 1. Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Institute of Management, Astana, Kazakhstan 2. Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan Ane Tynyshbayeva Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Institute of Management, Astana, Kazakhstan Zarina Bilyalova Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan Dulat Turebayev 1. Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan 2. Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan Gulnur Igissinova 1. Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan 2. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Rustem Moldagali 1. Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan 2. Kokshetau Higher Medical College, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan Karina Kozhakhmet 1. Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan 2. Higher School of Medicine at Ualikhanov University, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan Kulsara Rustemova 1. Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan 2. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Zhansaya Telmanova Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan Ivan Shishkin 1. Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan 2. Higher School of Medicine at Ualikhanov University, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan Nurbek Igissin 1. Central Asian Institute for Medical Research, Astana, Kazakhstan 2. Research Institute of Life and Health Sciences at Ualikhanov University, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan 2025 02 17 2025 06 02 Background: Cancer is a major public health challenge in Kazakhstan, with significant regional disparities in incidence and access to care. The Akmola Region faces socioeconomic and healthcare barriers affecting oncology outcomes. We examined the role of state policy in addressing cancer trends and proposed evidence-based interventions. Methods: A retrospective descriptive and analytical study was conducted using cancer incidence data from 2009 to 2023, obtained from the Ministry of Health of Kazakhstan. Age-standardized rates (ASRs) were calculated using the WHO guidelines. Joinpoint regression analysis was applied to assess trends. Social factors, including income and access to care, influenced cancer rates. Rural areas faced notable disparities in oncology services. Results: Over 15 years, 26,625 new cancer cases were recorded, with 48.9% in men and 51.1% in women. The most prevalent cancers were breast (11.8%), colorectal (9.5%), and gastric (8.8%). A decline in cancer incidence occurred in 2020, likely due to healthcare service disruptions during COVID-19. Social factors like income and care access shaped cancer rates. Rural areas faced notable disparities. Conclusion: Strengthening state policies is crucial for reducing the cancer burden. Recommendations include expanding screening programs, improving healthcare infrastructure, and addressing regional inequalities through intersectoral collaboration. Implementing evidence-based strategies and integrating global best practices can enhance oncology care and reduce disparities. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/38203 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/38203/8573