Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 44 5 2015 05 15 673 82 Mohammadhosain Afrand Medical Scientific Association, Ali-Ebne Abitaleb Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Yazd Branch, Yazd, Iran. Nasrollah Bashardoost Dept. of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Ali-Ebne Abitaleb Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Yazd Branch, Yazd, Iran. Mohammad Hasan Sheikhha Dept. of Medical Genetics, Yazd Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Mohammad Afkhami-Ardekani Dept. of Endocrinology, Yazd Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. 2015 10 14 Background: The aim of this study was to assess the possible association between genetic polymorphisms of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene family and the risk of the development of metabolic syndrome (MS) in Zoroastrian females in Yazd, Iran. Methods: In this case-control study, GSTM1, T1, and P1 polymorphisms were genotyped in 51 randomly selected MS patients and 50 randomly selected healthy controls on February 2014 among Zoroastrian females whose ages ranged from 40 to 70 yr. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 17. Results: We observed a significant association of GSTP1-I/V (Isoleucine/ Valine) allele and GSTP1-V/V (Valine / Valine) allele with MS (P = 0.047 and P = 0.044, respectively). The combined analysis of the two genotypes, the present genotype of GSTT1, I/V and V/V alleles of GSTP1 genotype demonstrated a decrease in the risk of acquiring MS (OR = 0.246, P = 0.031). The null genotype of GSTM1, I/V, and V/V alleles of the GSTP1 genotype showed a lower risk in double combinations (OR = 0.15, P = 0.028 and OR = 0.13, P = 0.013, respectively). The combinations of the GSTM1 null genotypes and GSTT1 present genotypes and the GSTP1 I/V and V/V alleles together were associated with decreased risk of having MS in triple combinations (OR = 0.071, P = 0.039 and OR = 0.065, P = 0.022, respectively). Conclusion: GSTP1-I/V and V/V alleles, alone or in association with GSTM1 null and GSTT1 present genotypes, are related with decreased susceptibility to the development of MS in Zoroastrian females. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3546 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3546/3221