Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 44 5 2015 05 15 683 9 Ali-Reza Soltanian Modeling of Noncommunicable Disease Research Center and Dept. of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Hossein Mahjub Research Center for Health Sciences and Dept. of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Ali Taghizadeeh-Afshari Dept. of Urology Surgical Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Urmia, Iran. Gholamreza Gholami Dept. of Mathematics and Statistics, School of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran. Hojjat Sayyadi Dept. of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. 2015 10 14 Background: The first kidney transplant survival is very important. We know that short-term survival of kidney transplantation is improved over the past two decades in Iran; however, no information is available on long-term survival and predictors. This study explored factors influencing long-term renal transplant survival at northwest of Iran. Methods: In this single-center, study, survival rates and half-life of 201 the first kidney transplants between 1999 and 2008 were measured by a historical-cohort study in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia, Iran. The log-rank test and Cox-regression model were used to compare survival curves and determine factor affecting graft survival time, respectively. Results: First graft survival from one, five, and 10 years was 96%, 89%, and 46%, respectively. Mean±se and median±se of first graft survival time was 3061±105.01 day (95% CI: 2855.47-3267.11 day) and 3411±282.1 day (95%CI: 2858.08-3963.92), respectively. Predictors of first graft rejection were recipient age (P=0.001), LDL cholesterol (P=0.008), immunosuppressive drugs (P=0.047), serum creatinine three and six months (P=0.042 and 0.001, respectively) and related donor family (P=0.037). Conclusion: Patients with first graft transplantation had a moderate long-term survival. The study showed that small age at transplant, low LDL cholesterol before transplant, and relative to donor, could be decrease the risk graft loss. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3544 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3544/3219