Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 1 2025 01 05 155 165 Sara AlSheidi Nursing Department, Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre (SQCCCRC), University Medical City, Muscat, Oman Omar Ayaad Quality and Accreditation Department, Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre (SQCCCRC), University Medical City, Muscat, Oman Rawan Ibrahim Quality and Accreditation Department, Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre (SQCCCRC), University Medical City, Muscat, Oman Salim Nasser AlDhahli Nursing Department, Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre (SQCCCRC), University Medical City, Muscat, Oman Mohamad Majed Quality and Accreditation Department, Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre (SQCCCRC), University Medical City, Muscat, Oman Haitham Mahfoodh AlWaheibi Informatics and Cyber Security Department, Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre (SQCCCRC), University Medical City, Muscat, Oman Razzan Othman Abdullah Al Zadjali Quality and Accreditation Department, Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre (SQCCCRC), University Medical City, Muscat, Oman Ossayed Al Awor Laboratory Department, Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre (SQCCCRC), University Medical City, Muscat, Oman Balaqis Hamed Sulaiman Al Faliti Quality and Accreditation Department, Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre (SQCCCRC), University Medical City, Muscat, Oman Anjum Osman Center In Charge, Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre (SQCCCRC), University Medical City, Muscat, Oman Huda Shinoon AlAwaisi Nursing Department, Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre (SQCCCRC), University Medical City, Muscat, Oman Abdulhamid Mustafa A Turkomani Informatics and Cyber Security Department, Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre (SQCCCRC), University Medical City, Muscat, Oman Ibrahim Hassan Al Haddabi Laboratory Department, Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre (SQCCCRC), University Medical City, Muscat, Oman Khalid Al Baimani Center In Charge, Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre (SQCCCRC), University Medical City, Muscat, Oman 2024 01 20 2024 06 16 Background: We aimed to enhance the quality of cancer care by reducing the rate of sample rejection and lowering the incidence of sample mislabeling at the Sultan Qaboos Comprehensive Cancer Care and Research Centre in Muscat, Oman. Methods: We adopted a one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design from the second quarter of 2022 to the first quarter of 2023, assessing key performance indicators related to sample rejection and mislabeling on quarterly basis before and after implementing targeted interventions. The project utilized the FOCUS PDCA framework for systematic implementation and evaluation. Four FOCUS PDCA sessions were conducted involving a multidisciplinary team of ten participants comprising oncologists, nurses, laboratory technicians, quality management experts, and informatics and cyber security department staff. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Board, ensuring adherence to ethical protocols. Interventions included five educational sessions for nurses and physicians, process modifications, and improved communication protocols. Results: Analysis revealed a significant decrease in the rate of rejected samples, declining from 20.85% during Pre-Intervention to 6.05% in the Post Intervention phase. Similarly, the mislabeling rate exhibited a substantial reduction, decreasing from 1.68% to 0.25% over the same period. Statistical analysis using ANOVA confirmed significant differences between intervention phases for both the rejected samples rate (F-value = 12.3458, P-value = 0.002) and the mislabeling rate (F-value = 57.1875, P-value < 0.001). Conclusion: These results underscored the effectiveness of the interventions in improving blood sample collection and management processes, thereby enhancing the reliability of study outcomes. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/34367 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/34367/8446