Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 3 2024 02 28 539 552 EN Mahbobeh Firooz School of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Gholam Reza Mahmoodi shan Nursing Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Leila Jouybari Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Khadijeh Yazdi Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Joseph Osuji School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, Community, and Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, Ab, Canada 2023 06 03 2023 09 27 Background: Several studies have evaluated the effects of lavender essential oil on the anxiety of hemodialysis (HD) patients, but most of them did not estimate the pooled effect size. The current systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of lavender on anxiety and fatigue among HD patients. Methods: Eligible studies were selected based on the PRISMA steps and protocol. Literature was retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus databases, Cochrane, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar Search Engines until Sep 2022. The risk of bias and analysis were evaluated using version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and STATA v.14 software, respectively. Effect sizes were pooled using random effect models. Results: Nine studies were included. Lavender oil significantly reduced the average anxiety of HD patients compared to the control group (SMD: -2.51, 95% CI: [-3.56, -1.45], Z=4.67, P<0.001, I2 :89.9%). Also, it significantly reduced the average fatigue compared to the control group (SMD: -1.56, 95% CI: [-2.49, -0.63], Z=3.29, P=0.001, I2:92.2%). Subgroup analysis indicated controversial results regarding session frequency and drop number of lavender oil. Conclusion: Using Lavender oil significantly reduced fatigue and anxiety in HD patients. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/32197 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/32197/8181