Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 11 2022 11 09 2417 2424 Farideh Kamarehei Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Younes Mohammadi Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran 2. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran 2021 05 23 2021 07 01 Background: The association between Helicobacter pylori infection and overweight, as one of the most common health issues, remains controversial. In this study, we systematically reviewed the effect of H. pylori infection and overweight to get a reliable answer. Methods: We used the Preferred Reporting Items for the Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis statement. We searched the association between H. pylori and overweight infection in international databases including Medline, Web of knowledge and Scopus, without any limitations of language, publication type, and publication status in search step of this systematic review from 2000 to 2020. We surveyed the title, abstract and full text of each research studies, and we used Newcastle-Ottawa quality for assessing the quality of each paper. A random effects model was used to calculate the pooled odd ratio with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Fifteen papers were eligible for this review. The selected studies reported different Odd Ratio between overweight and H. pylori infection but Odds Ratio (95% confidence interval) in our systematic and meta-analysis study was estimated at 1.42 (95%CI; 1.12, 1.81) and it was statistically significant (P: 0.003). Conclusion: H. pylori infection is significantly associated with overweight, therefore, the eradication of H. pylori infection is suggested because this infectious might be resulted in overweight.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/25033 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/25033/7767