Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 11 2021 10 16 2191 2201 Juan Tang International Medical Services, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China Li Fan Jinan Lixiaqu Municipal Center For Disease Control and Precention, Jinan 250100, China Chunlei Lv Operation Room, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan 250011, China Runjie Wan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China Jianjian Liu Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China Xiaoyan Liu Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China 2021 03 12 2021 06 21 Background: We aimed to investigate the efficacy of Shenqi Jiangtang granules-assisted Western medicine in the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: A total of 147 patients with GDM treated in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from Jan 2018 to Apr 2019 were enrolled. They were randomly divided into traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combined with Western medicine group, Western medicine group and control group. The control group was treated with exercise combined with diet therapy, and the Western medicine group was additionally treated with metformin tablets. The TCM combined with Western medicine group was additionally treated with Shenqi Jiangtang granules. Results: After treatment, the levels of 10 indicators in the three groups were lower than those before treatment (P < 0.05). These indicators were the lowest in the TCM combined with Western medicine group. However, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) after treatment increased in the three groups compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05), which was the most obvious in the TCM combined with Western medicine group. After treatment, the number of patients with natural delivery in the TCM combined with Western medicine group was the largest. The incidences of complications in pregnant women, fetuses and newborns were the lowest in the TCM combined with Western medicine group. Conclusion: Application of Shenqi Jiangtang granules-assisted Western medicine in patients with GDM can effectively control blood glucose and lipid levels, enhance antioxidant capacity, reduce the levels of inflammatory cytokines and decrease the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/24175 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/24175/7403