Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 6 2022 06 08 1259 1264 In Cheol Hwang Department of Family Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea Heuy Sun Suh Department of Family Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea Seulggie Choi Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea 2021 02 17 2021 06 23 Background: Glaucoma is a main cause of blindness despite the effectiveness of treatments, and adherence to treatment is a critical aspect of glaucoma management. We aimed to identify the factors associated with non-adherence to treatment among Korean glaucoma patients. Methods: Data were collected from 4,833 glaucoma patients during the Korea Community Health Survey (KCHS) in 2008 and 2011 regarding current treatment for glaucoma, demographics, comorbidities, perceived health status, and health-related behaviors were subjected to analysis. A multivariable regression model was applied to identify factors related to non-treatment for glaucoma. Results: Approximately, half of the 4,883 patients failed to adhere to treatment. Compared to the treatment group, the non-treatment group had lower social status, fewer comorbid conditions, were more optimistic about their health statuses, and more likely to adopt unhealthy behaviors. Stepwise regression analysis showed that poor social status (low level of education and unmarried), self-perception of a satisfactory health status, and unhealthy behaviors (smoking and no flu-vaccination) were significantly associated with non-adherent to treatment. Conclusion: More attention should be paid to glaucoma patients with low social status or that are overconfident about their health. Future prospective studies that more comprehensively assess treatment compliance, are needed to confirm our findings.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/23900 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/23900/7620