Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 12 2020 11 28 2235 2239 Dariush D. FARHUD School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; AND Department of Basic Sciences/Ethics, Academy of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; AND Farhud Genetic Clinic, Tehran, Iran Marjan ZARIF-YEGANEH Farhud Genetic Clinic, Tehran, Iran; AND Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2020 11 28 Over the last few years, the development of genome editing has revolutionized research on the human genome. Recent advances in developing programmable nucleases, such as meganucleases, ZFNs, TALENs and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas, has greatly expedited the progress of gene editing from concept to clinical practice. The CRISPR has advantages over other nuclease-based genome editing tools due to its high accuracy, efficiency, and strong specificity. Eight years after CRISPR application for human genome edition by Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna, the 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been jointly given to them for development of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, allows scientists to precisely cut and edit of DNA. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/23009 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/23009/7059