<?xml version="1.0"?>
<Articles JournalTitle="Iranian Journal of Public Health">
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Iranian Journal of Public Health</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>2251-6085</Issn>
      <Volume>49</Volume>
      <Issue>11</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="epublish">
        <Year>2020</Year>
        <Month>10</Month>
        <Day>27</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <title locale="en_US">Selected Micronutrients: An Option to Boost Immunity against COVID-19 and Prevent Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in  Pregnant Women: A Narrative Review</title>
    <FirstPage>2032</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>2043</LastPage>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>.</FirstName>
        <LastName>NAWSHERWAN</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Suliman</FirstName>
        <LastName>KHAN</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Falak</FirstName>
        <LastName>ZEB</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, National University of Medical Sciences Islamabad, Pakistan</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Muhammad</FirstName>
        <LastName>SHOAIB</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Chemistry, Government of Postgraduate College Samanabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Ghulam</FirstName>
        <LastName>NABI</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Ijaz</FirstName>
        <LastName>HAQ</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Kang</FirstName>
        <LastName>XU</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Medicine, Taixing People Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Hui</FirstName>
        <LastName>LI</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Medicine, Taixing People Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China</affiliation>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <History>
      <PubDate PubStatus="received">
        <Year>2020</Year>
        <Month>09</Month>
        <Day>12</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <PubDate PubStatus="accepted">
        <Year>2020</Year>
        <Month>09</Month>
        <Day>15</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </History>
    <abstract locale="en_US">The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) negatively affects immune system. It is linked with adverse pregnancy outcomes. These complications may be linked with the infections mediated deficiency of micronutrients in pregnant women. COVID-19 cause&#x2019;s malabsorption of micronutrients thereby increases the risk of their deficiency. Both micronutrients deficiencies and poor micronutrients intake can compromise immune function and may increase the risk of pregnancy complications associated with COVID-19 infection. Vitamin A, C, D, E, and selected minerals iron (Fe), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) are the micronutrients essential for immuno-competency and play a significant role in the prevention of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Immune function and pregnancy outcomes can be improved by adequate intake of micronutrients in diet or in supplements form. Based on regulatory links between viral infection, micronutrients, immunity, and pregnancy outcomes, this review highlights the role of micronutrients in boosting immunity to reduce or prevent pregnancy complications in COVID-19 infected women.</abstract>
    <web_url>https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/22148</web_url>
    <pdf_url>https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/22148/7182</pdf_url>
  </Article>
</Articles>
