Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 3 2018 03 04 327 334 Inhwan LEE College of Sport Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea Jinkyung CHO College of Sport Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea Haeryun HONG College of Sport Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea Youngyun JIN College of Sport Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea Donghyun KIM College of Sport Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea Hyunsik KANG College of Sport Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea 2018 03 04 2018 03 04  Background: Sarcopenia has been implicated in the increased risk for cognitive impairment and depression associated with aging. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the relationship of sarcopenia with cognitive impairment (MCI) and depression in a sample of 201 community-dwelling Korean women (mean age of 74.0±6.8 yr) between 2014 and 2015. Methods: The Korean version of mini-mental state examination and the center for epidemiologic studies depression scale was used to assess cognitive performance and depression, respectively. Grp strength was measured with a dynamometer. Demographics, body composition, education, alcohol consumption, and history of cardiovascular diseases were assessed as covariates. Results: Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of MCI and depression were calculated according to sarcopenia status. Compared to non-sarcopenic, pre-sarcopenic and sarcopenic women had the ORs of 2.160 (95% CI of 0.840 - 5.554, P=0.030) and of 5.493 (95% CI of 1.854 - 16.270, P=0.002) for MCI. The OR of pre-sarcopenia for MCI remained significant (P=0.030) even after adjustments for age, body mass index (BMI), lean body mass, and education, while the OR of sarcopenia for MCI was no longer significant (P=0.084) when adjusted for the covariates. Compared to non-sarcopenic, pre-sarcopenic and sarcopenic women had the ORs of 3.750 (95% CI of 1.137 - 12.370, P=0.030) and of 4.687 (95% CI of 1.127 -19.505, P=0.034) for depression. The ORs of pre-sarcopenia and sarcopenia for depression remained statistically significant (P=0.020 and P=0.042, respectively) even after adjusted for the covariates  Conclusion: Sarcopenia was significantly associated with MCI and depression in otherwise healthy community dwelling elderly Korean women.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/12677 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/12677/5917