Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 4 2020 04 01 773 781 EN Hamid Reza TABATABAEE Research Center for Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Atefeh ZAHEDI Department of Public Health, School of Health, Abadan School of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran Koorosh ETEMAD Department of Epidemiology, Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Tannaz VALADBEIGI Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran Sepideh MAHDAVI Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran Mostafa ENAYATRAD Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran Seideh Zeinab ALMASI Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran Halime YAGHOOBI Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran Fatemeh ZOLFIZADEH Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran Mahmoud HAJIPOUR Department of Epidemiology, Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2018 03 03 2018 08 04 Background: Both Gestational diabetes and hypertension almost affect 10.5% of the pregnancies. This study was conducted to investigate and compare the pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes or high blood pressure with outcomes belonging to healthy mothers. Methods: This population-based case-control study was conducted in 8 provinces and two cities of Iran on women referred to the public health centers during 2015 to 2018. Descriptive statistics for variables presented by percentages and frequencies and logistic regression analysis was used to analyze data at a significance level of less than 0.05. Results: Some variables such as ethnicity, maternal education and age, gestational diabetes, high blood pressure and previous pregnancy outcome were significantly associated with stillbirth. Maternal age greater than 35 yr (OR=1.78, CI: 1.29-2.48), maternal illiteracy (OR=3.67, CI: 2.25-5.98), a previous stillbirth (OR=9.92, CI: 4.98-19.78), gestational diabetes among women who had never had a screening test (OR =3.91, CI: 2.96-5.18) and high blood pressure (OR =1.95, CI: 1.38-2.77) were important factors associated with stillbirth. Maternal and paternal occupation, paternal education and age, place of residence, smoking and maternal BMI were significantly associated with stillbirth. Conclusion: Gestational diabetes, hypertension, a previous miscarriage, stillbirth, first pregnancy, low education level, advanced maternal age and ethnicity were associated with an increased risk of stillbirth. It is necessary to provide high-quality healthcare services before and during pregnancy particularly for those at heightened risk and improve knowledge of mothers on the side effects of each of the mentioned risk factors in order to control these factors more effectively and thus reducing the risk of stillbirth. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/12674 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/12674/6891