Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 1 2017 12 31 49 56 Mohammad AL QADIRE Dept. of Adult Health, Nursing School, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan Murad ALKHALAILEH Dept. of Nursing, Tabuk University, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia Hedaya HINA King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan 2017 12 31 2017 12 31 Background: The interaction between inherited mutated genes and environmental factors is believed to play a crucial role in cancer development. The main aim was to identify lifestyle-related risk factors for breast cancer among Jordanian women. Methods: A hospital-based multicenter case-control study was conducted in Jordan in 2016. Overall, 405 cases and 418 controls, in 3 large hospitals where cancer patients are treated, participated. The prevalence of individual and groups of cancer-related risk factors was estimated descriptively using percentages and odd ratios with their correlated 95% Confidence interval (CI). The predictors of the occurrence of breast cancer were determined using logistic regression to estimate unadjusted association and adjusted association. Results: Women in the case group (mean=49.2 yr, SD 10.2) were older than those in the control group (mean=45.9, SD 10.9). Physical activity (sufficiently active) (OR=2.76; 95% CI=1.96-3.87) and fruit and vegetable intake (good or optimal) (OR=1.71 95% CI=1.25-2.35) were found to be associated with reduced breast cancer risk. However, calcium intake (>3 times a week) (OR=0.51; 95% CI=0.34-0.77) was associated with increased risk of breast cancer. Conclusion: Lifestyle risk factors were identified, and certain modifications to lifestyle are needed. Women’s awareness of these factors should be raised through appropriate channels, as a priority of the health authorities. Increasing the amount of high-quality research in this area remains one of the best ways to fight breast cancer, reducing its incidence and associated morbidities.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/12045 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/12045/5870